Have you noticed swelling of salivary glands accompanied by fever, muscle aches and fatigue? These symptoms may be an indication of a contagious viral infection known as mumps. In severe cases, it may lead to complications, such as meningitis or deafness. This highlights the importance of learning about its causes, diagnosis, and preventive tips. We spoke to our expert Dr Ravinder Goud Jangampally, Consultant Paediatrician and Neonatologist, Yashoda Hospitals, Hyderabad, who shared insights on the same.
“Mumps, a contagious viral infection, caused by paramyxovirus belongs to the rubulavirus family. It mainly impacts the salivary glands, causing them to swell painfully. The virus spreads through respiratory droplets and coming in contact with an infected person”, said Dr Jangampally.
Symptoms Of Mumps
The symptoms of mumps usually show up within 12-25 days after being exposed to the virus. Dr Jangampally listed some of the symptoms as follows:
- Fever
- Headache
- Muscle aches
- Fatigue
- Swelling of the salivary glands, most notably the parotid glands located on the sides of the face
In severe cases, complications, such as meningitis, encephalitis, orchitis (inflammation of the testicles), pancreatitis, oophoritis (inflammation of ovaries) and deafness may arise.
Also Read: Mumps Could Cause An Epidemic In 2024, Claims IAP: Here Are Its Risk Factors, Preventive Measures
Diagnosis For Mumps
“Prompt diagnosis and isolation of infected individuals are essential to prevent further transmission. If someone suspects they have mumps or has been in close contact with an infected person, they should seek medical advice immediately”, highlighted Dr Jangampally.
How To Manage Mumps
According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), a person infected with mumps can transmit the virus starting a few days before the swelling of their salivary glands until approximately five days after the swelling begins. Individuals with mumps should minimise contact with others during this period.
Prevention is key in combating mumps. The most effective method is vaccination, usually administered as part of the MMR (Measles, Mumps, and Rubella) vaccine. “This vaccine not only protects against mumps but also helps prevent measles and rubella. Vaccination not only safeguards individuals but also contributes to herd immunity, reducing the overall spread of the virus within communities”, said Dr Jangampally.
According to Johns Hopkins Medicine, the initial MMR vaccine is administered to children between 12-15 months of age, with a follow-up second dose given between 4-6 years old. In case of a delay of 28 days since the first dose, the second dose may be given before the age of 4.
Also Read: Early Symptoms & Preventive Tips For Children With Measles
In addition to vaccination, practising good hygiene habits can help prevent the spread of mumps. “Regular handwashing with soap and water, covering mouth and nose when sneezing or coughing, avoiding sharing utensils or drinks with infected individuals, and staying home when sick are crucial preventive measures”, added Dr Jangampally.
According to StatPearls, mumps generally represent a mild, self-resolving illness. Supportive care tailored to each symptom is the mainstay of treatment. Analgesic medications and cold or warm compresses can alleviate parotid swelling. Testicular swelling and tenderness can be managed with elevation and cold compression.
Bottomline
Dr Jangampally concluded, “Mumps is a viral infection that can cause significant discomfort and complications if left untreated. Understanding its causes, recognising its symptoms, and implementing preventive measures such as vaccination and good hygiene practices are vital steps in controlling its spread and protecting public health.”
[Disclaimer: This article contains information provided by an expert and is for informational purposes only. Hence, we advise you to consult your expert if you notice any symptoms to get the necessary treatment.]