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Mumps
- 1. Mumps Dr. Shubhangi S. Kshirsagar Assistant professor Department of Swasthavritta & Yoga
- 2. Mumps An acute infectious disease caused by an RNA virus. Clinically, the disease is recognized by non- suppurative enlargement and tenderness of one or both the parotid glands. Other organs may also be involved.
- 4. Agent factors a. Agent - Myxovirus parotiditis is a RNA virus of the myxovirus family. b. Source of infection Clinical and subclinical cases. Subclinical cases - 30-40 per cent of all cases and responsible for maintaining the cycle of infection. c. Period of communicability - 4-6 days before the onset of symptoms and a week or more thereafter. d. Secondary attack rate - 86 per cent.
- 5. Host factors a. Age – 5-9 years of age. b. Immunity One attack, clinical or subclinical, is assumed to induce lifelong immunity. Most infants below the age of 6 months are immune because of maternal antibodies.
- 6. Environmental factors Cases occur throughout the year, but the peak incidence is in winter and spring. Epidemics are often associated with overcrowding.
- 7. Mode of transmission 1. Droplet infection 2. Direct contact with an infected person.
- 8. Incubation period Varies from 2 to 4 weeks, usually 14-18 days
- 9. Clinical features Mumps is a generalized virus infection. 30-40 per cent of cases mumps infection is clinically non-apparent. In clinically apparent cases, Pain and swelling in either one or both the parotid glands It may also involve the sublingual and submandibular glands. The child complains of ear ache on the affected side prior to the onset of swelling.
- 10. There may be pain and stiffness on opening the mouth. Mumps may also affect the testes, pancreas, CNS, ovaries, prostate, etc. In severe cases, there may be fever, headache and other constitutional symptoms which may last from 3-5 days. The swelling subsides slowly over 1-2 weeks.
- 12. Prevention Live attenuated vaccine Widely-used live attenuated mumps vaccine strains include the JerylLynn, RIT 4385, Leningrad-3, L-Zagreb and Urabe strains. Single dose (0.5 ml) intramuscularly produces detectable antibodies in 95 per cent of vaccines. First dose – over 1 year of age children, either alone or in combination(MMR) Second dose – at 4-6 years of age
- 13. Control The control of mumps is difficult because the disease is infectious before a diagnosis can be made. The long and variable incubation period and the occurrence of subclinical cases make the control of spread difficult. Isolation - Cases should be isolated till the clinical manifestations subside. Disinfection of the articles used by the patient. Surveillance - Contacts should be kept under surveillance.
- 14. Thank You !